Prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery
Keywords:
Disease Prevention, Atrial Fibrillation, Postoperative Period, Cardiac SurgeryAbstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most commonly found arrhythmia after cardiac surgery. Although usually self-limiting, it represents an important predictor of increased patient morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Numerous studies have attempted to determine the underlying mechanisms of postoperative atrial fibrillation with different results. A multifactorial pathophysiology is suggested, with inflammation and postoperative adrenergic activation recognized as important contributing factors. The management is complicated by a lack of data on the outcomes of different therapeutic interventions in this population. This article reviews the literature focusing on interventions to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation.
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References
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4. Mahoney EM, Thompson TD, Veledar E, et al. Cost-effectiveness of targeting patients undergoing cardiac surgery for therapy with intravenous amiodarone to prevent atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40(4):737-45. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735- 1097(02)02003-X
5. Mariscalco G, Engström KG. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: Risk factors and their temporal relationship in prophylactic drug strategy decision. Int J Cardiol. 2008;129(3):354-62. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.07.123
6. Zaman AG, Archbold RA, Helft G, et al. Atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery: a model for preoperative risk stratification. Circulation. 2000;101(12):1403-8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01. CIR.101.12.1403
7. 2011 Writing Group Members, Wann LS, Curtis AB, January CT, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update on the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (Updating the 2006 Guideline). A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2011;123:104- 23. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181fa3cf4
8. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893-962. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw210
9. Balser JR. Pro: All patients should receive pharmacologic prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1999;13(1):98-100. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1053- 0770(99)90182-9
10. Weber UK, Osswald S, Huber M, et al. Selective versus non-selective antiarrhythmic approach for prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary surgery: is there a need for pre-operative risk stratification? A prospective placebo-controlled study using low-dose sotalol. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(5):794-800.
11. Hogue CW Jr. Con: All patients should not receive pharmacologic prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1999;13(1):101-4. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1053- 0770(99)90183-0
12. Bradley D, Creswell LL, Hogue CW, et al. Pharmacologic prophylaxis: American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for the prevention and management of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. Chest. 2005;128(2 Suppl):39S-47S. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/ chest.128.2_suppl.39S
13. Connolly SJ, Cybulsky I, Lamy A, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of prophylactic metoprolol for reduction of hospital length of stay after heart surgery: The β-Blocker Length Of Stay (BLOS) study. Am Heart J. 2003;145(2):226-32. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/ mhj.2003.147
14. Ferguson TB, Coombs LP, Peterson ED, Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Preoperative beta-blocker use and mortality and morbidity following CABG surgery in North America. JAMA. 2002;287(17):2221-7.
15. Merritt JC, Niebauer M, Tarakji K, et al. Comparison of effectiveness of carvedilol versus metoprolol or atenolol for atrial fibrillation appearing after coronary artery bypass grafting or cardiac valve operation. Am J Cardiol. 2003;92(6):735-6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00842-7
16. Maniar PB, Balcetyte-Harris N, Tamis JE, et al. Intravenous versus oral beta-blockers for prevention of post-CABG atrial fibrillation in highrisk patients identified by signal-averaged ECG: lessons of a pilot study. Card Electrophysiol Rev. 2003;7(2):158-61. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1023/A:1027467617722
17. Silva RG, Lima GG, Laranjeira A, et al. Fatores de risco e morbimortalidade associados à fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2004;83(2):99-104. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0066- 782X2004001400002
18. Crystal E, Garfinkle MS, Connolly SS, et al. Interventions for preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing heart surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(4):CD003611.
19. Khan J, Khan N, Loisa E, et al. Increasing Occurrence of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Contemporary Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016;30(5):1302-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j. jvca.2016.02.013
20. Gomes JA, Ip J, Santoni-Rugiu F, et al. Oral d,l sotalol reduces the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in coronary artery bypass surgery patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34(2):334-9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0735-1097(99)00213-2
21. Suttorp MJ, Kingma JH, Peels HO, et al. Effectiveness of sotalol in preventing supraventricular tachyarrhythmias shortly after coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol. 1991;68(11):1163-9. DOI: http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(91)90188-Q
22. Sanjuán R, Blasco M, Carbonell N, et al. Preoperative use of sotalol versus atenolol for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(3):838-43. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. athoracsur.2003.06.014
23. Burgess DC, Kilborn MJ, Keech AC. Interventions for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation and its complications after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(23):2846-57. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl272
24. Polster P, Broekhuysen J. The adrenergic antagonism of amiodarone. Biochem Pharmacol. 1976;25(2):131-4. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/0006-2952(76)90279-3
25. Giri S, White CM, Dunn AB, et al. Oral amiodarone for prevention of atrial fibrillation after open heart surgery, the Atrial Fibrillation Suppression Trial (AFIST): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet (London, England). 2001;357(9259):830-6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140- 6736(00)04196-9
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2018-04-01
How to Cite
Ronsoni, R. de M. ., Luz Leiria, T. L. ., Silvestrini, T. L. ., Martins, L. P. ., Kruse, M. L. ., Gomes da Silva, R. ., & Glotz de Lima, G. . (2018). Prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, 31(2), 38–44. Retrieved from https://jca.org.br/jca/article/view/68
